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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Admittanz</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p>Die <b>Admittanz</b> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b3c6f8c1a1548289defec8facdd73e079388f203.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.509ex; margin-left: -0.275ex; margin-bottom: -0.829ex; width:2.049ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}}" loading="lazy"></span> (vom lateinischen <span lang="la"><i>admittere</i></span>, zu Deutsch „annehmen“) ist ein Begriff aus der <a href="Elektrotechnik" title="Elektrotechnik">Elektrotechnik</a>, gleichwertig mit <b>komplexer Leitwert</b>. Sie bezeichnet das Verhältnis von <a href="Sinus" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinus">sinusförmigem</a> <a href="Wechselstrom" title="Wechselstrom">Wechselstrom</a>, der durch einen <a href="Linearer_Widerstand" title="Linearer Widerstand">linearen</a> <a href="Elektrischer_Verbraucher" title="Elektrischer Verbraucher">Verbraucher</a> (Bauelement, Leitung usw.) fließt, zur daran anliegenden <a href="Wechselspannung" title="Wechselspannung">Wechselspannung</a>. In bestimmten Zusammenhängen wird der Begriff auch wesentlich weiter gefasst.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bedeutung_in_der_Wechselstromlehre">Bedeutung in der Wechselstromlehre</h2></div>
<p>Für sinusförmige Vorgänge ist die mathematische Darstellung durch <a href="Komplexwertig" class="mw-redirect" title="Komplexwertig">komplexwertige</a> Größen von Vorteil. Diese werden hier in den Gleichungen durch einen Unterstrich gekennzeichnet, die <a href="Imagin%C3%A4re_Einheit" class="mw-redirect" title="Imaginäre Einheit">imaginäre Einheit</a> durch den Buchstaben <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {j} }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {j} }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/97685153a7b89e72bba63e2903f6d5a7663fe734.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.127ex; width:0.838ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {j} }" loading="lazy"></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-d110_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d110-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Die Admittanz <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b3c6f8c1a1548289defec8facdd73e079388f203.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.509ex; margin-left: -0.275ex; margin-bottom: -0.829ex; width:2.049ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}}" loading="lazy"></span> ist der <a href="Kehrwert" title="Kehrwert">Kehrwert</a> der <a href="Elektrische_Impedanz" title="Elektrische Impedanz">Impedanz</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\underline {Z}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\underline {Z}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b179ffebb62a9357ca9191457d52ada9b1a906de.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.511ex; margin-left: -0.06ex; margin-bottom: -0.827ex; width:1.742ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\underline {Z}}}" loading="lazy"></span>:
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}={{\underline {Z}}^{-1}}={\frac {1}{\underline {Z}}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<msup>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<munder>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}={{\underline {Z}}^{-1}}={\frac {1}{\underline {Z}}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a54733a2e052a3946edf1607fb32aa7a245f0fed.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.145ex; margin-left: -0.275ex; margin-bottom: -0.86ex; width:14.778ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}={{\underline {Z}}^{-1}}={\frac {1}{\underline {Z}}}}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Sie setzt sich zusammen aus
</p>
<ul><li>dem Realteil <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G=\operatorname {Re} \,{\underline {Y}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>G</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>Re</mi>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G=\operatorname {Re} \,{\underline {Y}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/39c30006b3d47e5604523ea7a30728d77e9f3044.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.509ex; margin-bottom: -0.829ex; width:10.217ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G=\operatorname {Re} \,{\underline {Y}}}" loading="lazy"></span>, bezeichnet mit <b>Wirkleitwert (Konduktanz)</b>, und</li>
<li>dem Imaginärteil <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B=\operatorname {Im} \,{\underline {Y}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>Im</mi>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B=\operatorname {Im} \,{\underline {Y}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b4669a1819a59ee51fdacf8626010bd992b4ff1e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.509ex; margin-bottom: -0.829ex; width:10.187ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B=\operatorname {Im} \,{\underline {Y}}}" loading="lazy"></span>, bezeichnet mit <b>Blindleitwert (Suszeptanz)</b>.</li></ul>
<p>Der Betrag der Admittanz wird als <b>Scheinleitwert</b> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle Y}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>Y</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle Y}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/961d67d6b454b4df2301ac571808a3538b3a6d3f.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.171ex; width:1.773ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle Y}" loading="lazy"></span> bezeichnet. Alle diese Begriffe sind auch so genormt.<sup id="cite_ref-d110_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d110-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IEV_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEV-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}=G+\mathrm {j} B}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>G</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}=G+\mathrm {j} B}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/4288bcaecd1ede7eef0c99da606187b5f6c6aed1.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.509ex; margin-left: -0.275ex; margin-bottom: -0.829ex; width:12.291ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}=G+\mathrm {j} B}" loading="lazy"></span></dd>
<dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle Y=|\,{\underline {Y}}|={\sqrt {G^{2}+B^{2}}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo stretchy="false">|</mo>
</mrow>
<mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo stretchy="false">|</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<msqrt>
<msup>
<mi>G</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>B</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</msqrt>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle Y=|\,{\underline {Y}}|={\sqrt {G^{2}+B^{2}}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/57c7593a4635a61c6dd1e4cdefc4af7f5a0afd2e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.581ex; margin-bottom: -0.757ex; width:22.289ex; height:4.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle Y=|\,{\underline {Y}}|={\sqrt {G^{2}+B^{2}}}}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Mit der komplexwertigen Impedanz <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\underline {Z}}=R+\mathrm {j} X}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>R</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\underline {Z}}=R+\mathrm {j} X}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/08418680f80039b5786af9c0977eb1dc4ffa28c3.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.511ex; margin-left: -0.06ex; margin-bottom: -0.827ex; width:12.137ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\underline {Z}}=R+\mathrm {j} X}" loading="lazy"></span> aus <a href="Wirkwiderstand" title="Wirkwiderstand">Wirkwiderstand</a> (Resistanz) <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>R</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/4b0bfb3769bf24d80e15374dc37b0441e2616e33.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R}" loading="lazy"></span> und <a href="Blindwiderstand" title="Blindwiderstand">Blindwiderstand</a> (Reaktanz) <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>X</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/68baa052181f707c662844a465bfeeb135e82bab.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.98ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X}" loading="lazy"></span> ergibt sich <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b3c6f8c1a1548289defec8facdd73e079388f203.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.509ex; margin-left: -0.275ex; margin-bottom: -0.829ex; width:2.049ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}}" loading="lazy"></span> zu
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}={\frac {1}{R+\mathrm {j} X}}={\frac {R}{R^{2}+X^{2}}}-\mathrm {j} {\frac {X}{R^{2}+X^{2}}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>R</mi>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>R</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>X</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>X</mi>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>R</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>X</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}={\frac {1}{R+\mathrm {j} X}}={\frac {R}{R^{2}+X^{2}}}-\mathrm {j} {\frac {X}{R^{2}+X^{2}}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/4fa4c137f100189aabf0c4bf6f0bcae3a02cb228.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; margin-left: -0.275ex; width:39.023ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}={\frac {1}{R+\mathrm {j} X}}={\frac {R}{R^{2}+X^{2}}}-\mathrm {j} {\frac {X}{R^{2}+X^{2}}}}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>und somit
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G={\frac {R}{R^{2}+X^{2}}}\quad {\text{und}}\quad B={\frac {-X}{R^{2}+X^{2}}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>G</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mi>R</mi>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>R</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>X</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mtext>und</mtext>
</mrow>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mi>X</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>R</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>X</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G={\frac {R}{R^{2}+X^{2}}}\quad {\text{und}}\quad B={\frac {-X}{R^{2}+X^{2}}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/662b38831c8bced2c192cbd2f615dd4aa038b497.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:37.402ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G={\frac {R}{R^{2}+X^{2}}}\quad {\text{und}}\quad B={\frac {-X}{R^{2}+X^{2}}}}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Daraus ist ersichtlich, dass der Wirkleitwert <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>G</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f5f3c8921a3b352de45446a6789b104458c9f90b.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.827ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G}" loading="lazy"></span> im Allgemeinen etwas anderes ist als der reziproke Wirkwiderstand <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 1/R}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo>/</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>R</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 1/R}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/5a362806e220bd4ab2a27e589b42bd01f7a6f28a.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:4.089ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 1/R}" loading="lazy"></span> und der Blindleitwert <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>B</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/47136aad860d145f75f3eed3022df827cee94d7a.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B}" loading="lazy"></span> etwas anderes als der reziproke Blindwiderstand <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 1/X}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo>/</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 1/X}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/c1925752136039ac40664fd4607ba8f02e129163.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:4.305ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 1/X}" loading="lazy"></span>. Der Begriff Konduktanz wird auch mit <a href="Leitwert" class="mw-redirect" title="Leitwert">Leitwert</a> übersetzt,<sup id="cite_ref-IEV_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEV-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> wenn es sich um einen <a href="Ohmscher_Verbraucher" title="Ohmscher Verbraucher">ohmschen Verbraucher</a> handelt. Da <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>X</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/68baa052181f707c662844a465bfeeb135e82bab.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.98ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X}" loading="lazy"></span> von der Frequenz der Wechselgrößen abhängig ist, sind auch <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle Y,\ G{\text{ und }}B}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mtext> </mtext>
<mi>G</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mtext> und </mtext>
</mrow>
<mi>B</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle Y,\ G{\text{ und }}B}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f592514299c202c27ec86d97375e100b691c5aa3.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:12.017ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle Y,\ G{\text{ und }}B}" loading="lazy"></span> von der Frequenz abhängig.
</p><p>In Exponentialform kann man mit dem <a href="Phasenverschiebung" title="Phasenverschiebung">Phasenverschiebungswinkel</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varphi _{ui}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>φ<!-- φ --></mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>u</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varphi _{ui}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/228f65c5c9699e34fc9ebe8e961162b31ac0c2ba.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:3.26ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varphi _{ui}}" loading="lazy"></span> zwischen Spannung und Stromstärke bzw. deren <a href="Nullphasenwinkel" class="mw-redirect" title="Nullphasenwinkel">Nullphasenwinkeln</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varphi _{u}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>φ<!-- φ --></mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>u</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varphi _{u}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/5d4622c498ee5d6158c5a540b16f4bbf3d8c262c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:2.693ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varphi _{u}}" loading="lazy"></span> und <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \varphi _{i}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>φ<!-- φ --></mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>i</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \varphi _{i}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/70503774fb21be77396899900d3aa1e47d8f9e10.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:2.32ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \varphi _{i}}" loading="lazy"></span> schreiben:
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\underline {Z}}=Z\ \mathrm {e} ^{\mathrm {j} \varphi _{ui}}=Z\ \mathrm {e} ^{\mathrm {j} (\varphi _{u}-\varphi _{i})}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mtext> </mtext>
<msup>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>φ<!-- φ --></mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>u</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mtext> </mtext>
<msup>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>φ<!-- φ --></mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>u</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<msub>
<mi>φ<!-- φ --></mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>i</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\underline {Z}}=Z\ \mathrm {e} ^{\mathrm {j} \varphi _{ui}}=Z\ \mathrm {e} ^{\mathrm {j} (\varphi _{u}-\varphi _{i})}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/502f2357491e0bce30bd5c5dd2a3bb055ffbd619.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.511ex; margin-left: -0.06ex; margin-bottom: -0.827ex; width:24.72ex; height:3.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\underline {Z}}=Z\ \mathrm {e} ^{\mathrm {j} \varphi _{ui}}=Z\ \mathrm {e} ^{\mathrm {j} (\varphi _{u}-\varphi _{i})}}" loading="lazy"></span></dd>
<dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}={\frac {1}{Z}}\ \mathrm {e} ^{-\mathrm {j} \varphi _{ui}}=Y\ \mathrm {e} ^{\mathrm {j} (\varphi _{i}-\varphi _{u})}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>Z</mi>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
<msup>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
<msub>
<mi>φ<!-- φ --></mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>u</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mtext> </mtext>
<msup>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>φ<!-- φ --></mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>i</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<msub>
<mi>φ<!-- φ --></mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>u</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}={\frac {1}{Z}}\ \mathrm {e} ^{-\mathrm {j} \varphi _{ui}}=Y\ \mathrm {e} ^{\mathrm {j} (\varphi _{i}-\varphi _{u})}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/1efa76127ff212216366571d54ea8929b9a59823.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; margin-left: -0.275ex; width:27.235ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}={\frac {1}{Z}}\ \mathrm {e} ^{-\mathrm {j} \varphi _{ui}}=Y\ \mathrm {e} ^{\mathrm {j} (\varphi _{i}-\varphi _{u})}}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>und, wenn man die <a href="Eulersche_Formel" title="Eulersche Formel">eulersche Formel</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {e} ^{\mathrm {j} x}=\cos x+\mathrm {j} \sin x}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msup>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>cos</mi>
<mo><!-- --></mo>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>sin</mi>
<mo><!-- --></mo>
<mi>x</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {e} ^{\mathrm {j} x}=\cos x+\mathrm {j} \sin x}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/24f56f2eb700ecf1a4656b27001bf6943cdeb06e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:19.146ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {e} ^{\mathrm {j} x}=\cos x+\mathrm {j} \sin x}" loading="lazy"></span> anwendet,
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B=Y\sin(-\varphi _{ui})=Y\sin(\varphi _{i}-\varphi _{u})}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mi>sin</mi>
<mo><!-- --></mo>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<msub>
<mi>φ<!-- φ --></mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>u</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mi>sin</mi>
<mo><!-- --></mo>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>φ<!-- φ --></mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>i</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<msub>
<mi>φ<!-- φ --></mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>u</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B=Y\sin(-\varphi _{ui})=Y\sin(\varphi _{i}-\varphi _{u})}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/44e05ba683e015a5efa85c7b8e6cd7ad19137bdc.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:34.533ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B=Y\sin(-\varphi _{ui})=Y\sin(\varphi _{i}-\varphi _{u})}" loading="lazy"></span></dd>
<dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G=Y\cos \varphi _{ui}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>G</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mi>cos</mi>
<mo><!-- --></mo>
<msub>
<mi>φ<!-- φ --></mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>u</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G=Y\cos \varphi _{ui}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a6eae42b3f131c42a38031356b5ee4546bab9293.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:13.844ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G=Y\cos \varphi _{ui}}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Die <a href="Ma%C3%9Feinheit" title="Maßeinheit">Maßeinheit</a> im <a href="SI-Einheitensystem" class="mw-redirect" title="SI-Einheitensystem">SI-Einheitensystem</a> für alle angegebenen Arten von Leitwerten ist das <a href="Siemens_(Einheit)" title="Siemens (Einheit)">Siemens</a> mit dem S als <a href="Einheitenzeichen" title="Einheitenzeichen">Einheitenzeichen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spezialfall">Spezialfall</h2></div>
<p>Für einen verlustlosen <i>idealen Kondensator</i> mit der Kapazität <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle C}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>C</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle C}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/4fc55753007cd3c18576f7933f6f089196732029.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.766ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle C}" loading="lazy"></span> gelten bei sinusförmiger Wechselspannung mit der <a href="Kreisfrequenz" title="Kreisfrequenz">Kreisfrequenz</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \omega }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>ω<!-- ω --></mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \omega }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/48eff443f9de7a985bb94ca3bde20813ea737be8.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.446ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \omega }" loading="lazy"></span> die Angaben zu den Widerständen
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\underline {Z}}={\frac {1}{\mathrm {j} \omega C}}\ ;\quad R=0\ ;\quad X=-{\frac {1}{\omega C}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Z</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>ω<!-- ω --></mi>
<mi>C</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mtext> </mtext>
<mo>;</mo>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<mi>R</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mtext> </mtext>
<mo>;</mo>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<mi>X</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<mi>ω<!-- ω --></mi>
<mi>C</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\underline {Z}}={\frac {1}{\mathrm {j} \omega C}}\ ;\quad R=0\ ;\quad X=-{\frac {1}{\omega C}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/2404f20a78b20f2551abf2c39dfce1b0ca8c8da2.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; margin-left: -0.06ex; width:34.435ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\underline {Z}}={\frac {1}{\mathrm {j} \omega C}}\ ;\quad R=0\ ;\quad X=-{\frac {1}{\omega C}}}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Damit gelten zu den Leitwerten
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}=\mathrm {j} \omega C;\quad G=0\ ;\quad B=-{\frac {1}{X}}=\omega C\ ;}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>ω<!-- ω --></mi>
<mi>C</mi>
<mo>;</mo>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<mi>G</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mtext> </mtext>
<mo>;</mo>
<mspace width="1em"></mspace>
<mi>B</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>−<!-- − --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>X</mi>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>ω<!-- ω --></mi>
<mi>C</mi>
<mtext> </mtext>
<mo>;</mo>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}=\mathrm {j} \omega C;\quad G=0\ ;\quad B=-{\frac {1}{X}}=\omega C\ ;}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/3618d8fc70490527dbc937d0d5188a514c8ab195.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; margin-left: -0.275ex; width:39.478ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}=\mathrm {j} \omega C;\quad G=0\ ;\quad B=-{\frac {1}{X}}=\omega C\ ;}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Isolationswiderstände und dielektrische Verluste des Kondensators erfasst man als Wirkleitwert mit <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G>0}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>G</mi>
<mo>></mo>
<mn>0</mn>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G>0}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/cccde7a8d7b87b694ada12c97245fca30c9df5dc.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:6.088ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G>0}" loading="lazy"></span>. In den meisten praktischen Fällen bleibt <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \omega C}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>ω<!-- ω --></mi>
<mi>C</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \omega C}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/04151b3e3f6ccae4772058286892ff2ff55107b4.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.212ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \omega C}" loading="lazy"></span> mindestens hundertmal größer als <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>G</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f5f3c8921a3b352de45446a6789b104458c9f90b.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.827ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G}" loading="lazy"></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dann bleiben im Rahmen dieser Näherung <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>X</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/68baa052181f707c662844a465bfeeb135e82bab.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.98ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X}" loading="lazy"></span> und <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<munder>
<mi>Y</mi>
<mo>_<!-- _ --></mo>
</munder>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/b3c6f8c1a1548289defec8facdd73e079388f203.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.509ex; margin-left: -0.275ex; margin-bottom: -0.829ex; width:2.049ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\underline {Y}}}" loading="lazy"></span> unverändert und <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle R\ll {\frac {1}{\omega C}}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>R</mi>
<mo>≪<!-- ≪ --></mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mrow>
<mi>ω<!-- ω --></mi>
<mi>C</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle R\ll {\frac {1}{\omega C}}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/1b98bc2f5d3de409121534eb2d25f3751754c201.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:9.426ex; height:5.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle R\ll {\frac {1}{\omega C}}}" loading="lazy"></span>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erweiterte_Bedeutung">Erweiterte Bedeutung</h2></div>
<p>In der Theorie der linearen <a href="Netzwerk_(Elektrotechnik)" title="Netzwerk (Elektrotechnik)">elektrischen Netzwerke</a> bezeichnet man auch ein Verhältnis eines Stroms zu einer Spannung als Admittanz, wenn sie nicht am gleichen Bauelement gemessen werden. Typische Beispiele sind die <i>Kurzschluss-Kernadmittanz</i> und die <i>Übertragungsadmittanz</i> in der <a href="Zweitor" title="Zweitor">Vierpoltheorie</a>. Schließlich führt man dort auch die <i>Admittanz-Matrix</i> ein.<sup id="cite_ref-lunze_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lunze-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Andererseits bezeichnet man auch das Verhältnis eines nichtsinusförmigen Stroms zu einer nichtsinusförmigen Spannung als Admittanz, wenn man Strom und Spannung mit Hilfe einer <a href="Operatorenrechnung" title="Operatorenrechnung">Operatorenrechnung</a>, z. B. der <a href="Laplace-Transformation" title="Laplace-Transformation">Laplace-Transformation</a>, im sogenannten Bildbereich darstellt und auf diese Weise deren Verhältnis als „Admittanz-Operator“ bildet. Eine solche Admittanz hat dann nicht die imaginäre Frequenz <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {j} \omega }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">j</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>ω<!-- ω --></mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {j} \omega }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/55145259a2a4457c69b20c914c415b522ba64d80.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.127ex; width:2.284ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {j} \omega }" loading="lazy"></span> als Variable, sondern die <a href="Erweiterte_symbolische_Methode_der_Wechselstromtechnik#Komplexe_Frequenz" title="Erweiterte symbolische Methode der Wechselstromtechnik">komplexe Frequenz</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle s}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>s</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle s}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/01d131dfd7673938b947072a13a9744fe997e632.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.09ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle s}" loading="lazy"></span>. Die äußere Form einer solchen <a href="Rationale_Funktion" title="Rationale Funktion">gebrochen rationalen Funktion</a> bezeichnet man im Rahmen der <a href="Synthese_(Elektrotechnik)" title="Synthese (Elektrotechnik)">Netzwerk-Synthese</a> als <i>Admittanz-Funktion</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-wunsch_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wunsch-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li>Karl Küpfmüller, Wolfgang Mathis und Albrecht Reibiger: <cite style="font-style:italic">Theoretische Elektrotechnik: Eine Einführung</cite>. 18. Auflage. Springer, 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-78589-7.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Admittanz&rft.au=Karl+K%C3%BCpfm%C3%BCller%2C+Wolfgang+Mathis+und+Albrecht+Reibiger&rft.btitle=Theoretische+Elektrotechnik%3A+Eine+Einf%C3%BChrung&rft.date=2008&rft.edition=18.&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9783540785897&rft.pub=Springer" style="display:none"> </span></li>
<li>Wilfried Weißgerber: <cite style="font-style:italic">Elektrotechnik für Ingenieure 2</cite>. 8. Auflage. Vieweg+Teubner, 2013, ISBN 978-3-8348-1031-1.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Admittanz&rft.au=Wilfried+Wei%C3%9Fgerber&rft.btitle=Elektrotechnik+f%C3%BCr+Ingenieure+2&rft.date=2013&rft.edition=8.&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9783834810311&rft.pub=Vieweg%2BTeubner" style="display:none"> </span></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">DIN 1304-1, <i>Formelzeichen</i>, 1994</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">DIN 5483-3 <i>Zeitabhängige Größen, Komplexe Darstellung sinusförmig zeitabhängiger Größen</i>, 1994</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-d110-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-d110_3-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-d110_3-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">DIN 40110-1, <i>Wechselstromgrößen; Zweileiter-Stromkreise</i>, 1994</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-IEV-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IEV_4-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IEV_4-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">IEC 60050, deutschsprachige Ausgabe bei <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dke.de/de/services/iev-woerterbuch/iev-schablonen-detailseite?id=41377&type=dke%7Ciev">DKE Deutsche Kommission Elektrotechnik Elektronik Informationstechnik in DIN und VDE: <i>Internationales Elektrotechnisches Wörterbuch</i></a>, verschiedene Einträge, beispielsweise 131-12-53.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="EN_ISO_80000" class="mw-redirect" title="EN ISO 80000">EN ISO 80000</a>-1, <i>Größen und Einheiten – Teil 1: Allgemeines</i>, 2013</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Erwin Böhmer, Dietmar Ehrhardt, Wolfgang Oberschelp: <i>Elemente der angewandten Elektronik.</i> Vieweg+Teubner, 16. Aufl. 2010, S. 42</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-lunze-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-lunze_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Klaus_Lunze" title="Klaus Lunze">Klaus Lunze</a>: <cite style="font-style:italic">Theorie der Wechselstromschaltungen</cite>. 8. Auflage. Verlag Technik, Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-341-00984-1.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Admittanz&rft.au=Klaus+Lunze&rft.btitle=Theorie+der+Wechselstromschaltungen&rft.date=1991&rft.edition=8.&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=3341009841&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=Verlag+Technik" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-wunsch-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wunsch_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Gerhard_Wunsch" title="Gerhard Wunsch">Gerhard Wunsch</a>: <cite style="font-style:italic">Elemente der Netzwerksynthese</cite>. Verlag Technik, Berlin 1969, <a href="Deutsche_Nationalbibliothek" title="Deutsche Nationalbibliothek">DNB</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.dnb.de/opac.htm?referrer=Wikipedia&method=simpleSearch&cqlMode=true&query=idn%3D458706396">458706396</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Admittanz&rft.au=Gerhard+Wunsch&rft.btitle=Elemente+der+Netzwerksynthese&rft.date=1969&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=Verlag+Technik" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
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